Diabetes Related Skin Disorders

  Diabetes is a disease that affects a person’s blood sugars. This is due to either the body not producing enough insulin, or ineffectively using the insulin to help clear the sugars from the bloodstream. Diabetes can affect a person’s entire body if not controlled well with diet and/or medications.  The American Diabetes Association states, “As many as 1/3 of people with diabetes will have a skin disorder caused or affected by diabetes at some time in their lives.”
 
  The skin can sometimes give the first clue that someone is having a problem with insulin resistance and may have diabetes. A skin condition called Acanthosis Nigricans is an area of skin that is darker and thicker that is most commonly seen around the neck, under the axillae, or in the groin. Some describe it as their skin looks dirty, but it won’t wash off. The discoloration usually improves with improved control of the blood sugars as well as weight reduction.

   People with diabetes often have dry skin due increased blood glucose(sugar) levels. Dry skin can lead to itching and scratching of the areas and increase risk of infection. It is important for diabetics to keep their skin moisturized daily with a gentle moisturizer. Diabetes also significantly increases a person’s risk of bacterial and fungal infections ,and slows wound healing. High blood sugars over time can lower a person’s immunity and can also affect the blood vessels necessary for healing wounds. If there are any areas where the skin is open due to injury, surgery, or compromised circulation it is important to follow up with a health care provider immediately.
 
  There are other rare skin disorders associated with diabetes such as Necrobiosis Lipoidica Diabeticorum, Bullosis Diabeticorum, and Eruptive Xanthomatosis. These conditions are usually benign, but can lead to secondary infection.  A new onset of any of these conditions might signify a sudden change in control of blood sugar, and tend to improve with better diabetic control.

   Skin care is essential in people with diabetes. Most complications can be prevented or treated if recognized early. Maintaining blood sugars is crucial to help prevent skin and other systemic complications related to diabetes. Keeping the skin moisturized and self-inspection can help prevent rashes or wounds from going unrecognized and becoming more of a problem over time.